Every vote, every word

Sunday, November 1, 2026

FOMC meeting

January 30–31, 2024

hold Held at 5.25–5.50% by a 12–0 vote.

Statement · Press conference · Minutes (February 21, 2024) · federalreserve.gov

The vote

Unanimous.

Voted for (12)

Jerome H. Powell, John C. Williams, Thomas I. Barkin, Michael S. Barr, Raphael W. Bostic, Michelle W. Bowman, Lisa D. Cook, Mary C. Daly, Philip N. Jefferson, Adriana D. Kugler, Loretta J. Mester, Christopher J. Waller

What changed in the statement

214 word-level changes against the December 13, 2023 statement. Added text and removed text are marked in the redline below.

Target range 5.25–5.50% → 5.25–5.50%. Vote 12–0 → 12–0.

Statement redline

Recent indicators suggest that growth of economic activity has slowed from its strongbeen paceexpanding inat thea thirdsolid quarter.pace. Job gains have moderated since earlier inearly thelast year but remain strong, and the unemployment rate has remained low. Inflation has eased over the past year but remains elevated.

The U.S. banking system isCommittee soundseeks andto resilient.achieve Tightermaximum financialemployment and credit conditionsinflation forat householdsthe andrate businessesof are2 likelypercent toover weighthe onlonger economicrun. activity,The hiring,Committee andjudges inflation.that Thethe extentrisks ofto theseachieving effectsits remainsemployment uncertain.and Theinflation Committeegoals remainsare highlymoving attentiveinto tobetter inflationbalance. risks. The Committee seeks toeconomic achieveoutlook maximumis employmentuncertain, and inflation at the rate of 2Committee percentremains overhighly theattentive longerto run.inflation risks. In support of theseits goals, the Committee decided to maintain the target range for the federal funds rate at 5-1/4 to 5-1/2 percent. TheIn Committeeconsidering willany continueadjustments to assess additional information andthe itstarget implicationsrange for monetary policy. In determining the extentfederal offunds anyrate, additionalthe policyCommittee firmingwill thatcarefully mayassess beincoming appropriatedata, tothe returnevolving inflationoutlook, toand 2the percentbalance overof time,risks. theThe Committee will takedoes intonot accountexpect theit cumulativewill tighteningbe ofappropriate monetaryto policy,reduce the lagstarget withrange whichuntil monetaryit policyhas affectsgained economicgreater activityconfidence andthat inflation,inflation andis economicmoving andsustainably financialtoward developments.2 percent. In addition, the Committee will continue reducing its holdings of Treasury securities and agency debt and agency mortgage-backed securities, as described in its previously announced plans. The Committee is strongly committed to returning inflation to its 2 percent objective.

In assessing the appropriate stance of monetary policy, the Committee will continue to monitor the implications of incoming information for the economic outlook. The Committee would be prepared to adjust the stance of monetary policy as appropriate if risks emerge that could impede the attainment of the Committee's goals. The Committee's assessments will take into account a wide range of information, including readings on labor market conditions, inflation pressures and inflation expectations, and financial and international developments.

Statement as released

Recent indicators suggest that economic activity has been expanding at a solid pace. Job gains have moderated since early last year but remain strong, and the unemployment rate has remained low. Inflation has eased over the past year but remains elevated.

The Committee seeks to achieve maximum employment and inflation at the rate of 2 percent over the longer run. The Committee judges that the risks to achieving its employment and inflation goals are moving into better balance. The economic outlook is uncertain, and the Committee remains highly attentive to inflation risks.

In support of its goals, the Committee decided to maintain the target range for the federal funds rate at 5-1/4 to 5-1/2 percent. In considering any adjustments to the target range for the federal funds rate, the Committee will carefully assess incoming data, the evolving outlook, and the balance of risks. The Committee does not expect it will be appropriate to reduce the target range until it has gained greater confidence that inflation is moving sustainably toward 2 percent. In addition, the Committee will continue reducing its holdings of Treasury securities and agency debt and agency mortgage-backed securities, as described in its previously announced plans. The Committee is strongly committed to returning inflation to its 2 percent objective.

In assessing the appropriate stance of monetary policy, the Committee will continue to monitor the implications of incoming information for the economic outlook. The Committee would be prepared to adjust the stance of monetary policy as appropriate if risks emerge that could impede the attainment of the Committee's goals. The Committee's assessments will take into account a wide range of information, including readings on labor market conditions, inflation pressures and inflation expectations, and financial and international developments.

Voting for the monetary policy action were Jerome H. Powell, Chair; John C. Williams, Vice Chair; Thomas I. Barkin; Michael S. Barr; Raphael W. Bostic; Michelle W. Bowman; Lisa D. Cook; Mary C. Daly; Philip N. Jefferson; Adriana D. Kugler; Loretta J. Mester; and Christopher J. Waller.

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